托福听力修辞题出题形式及解

出现位置 :

听力中的修辞题通常出现在课堂演讲(lectures)部分,在2个长对话,4个课堂演讲中,一般占5至6题。

出题形式

修辞题通常都是以特殊疑问词开头的特殊疑问句, 例如:

why does the professor say this? ( 询问使用了何种修辞手段 )

a: to encourage the students to think about the issue under a bigger context.

b: to elicit an answer from the students.

c: to compare two different things figuratively to engage his students.

d: to describe an imaginative situation.

how dies the professor illustrate his point about ___? ( 询问谈话人是如何创造了某种修辞手段的 )

a: by comparing x to y

b: by giving an example of x

why does the professor say so? ( 节选了演讲中某一带有修辞用法的部分,让考生回答为什么谈话人用此修辞 )

a: to point out a flaw

b: to repeat a point

c: to define an important term

d: to exemplify a key point

解题技巧 :

1. 听原文时即可适时判断谈话人的真实意图,谈话人某句讲话修辞手法运用明显之时,往往就是考点出现之处。

2. 熟悉常用修辞手段,如比喻(又分明喻,暗喻等), 夸张,比拟,例证,借代,反问, 反复,设问等等。

3. 注意根据上线问和谈话气氛来综合回答问题,不要脱离主题凭空猜测谈话人的修辞意图。例如:

( 一 )

professor: through much of the last century, america’s faith in freedom and democracy was a rock in a raging sea. now it is a seed upon the wind, taking root in many nations.

narrator:

listen again to a part of the lecture. then answer the question.

professor: …now it is a seed upon the wind, taking root in many nations.

why does the professor say this?

a: to encourage the students to think about the issue under a bigger context.

b: to elicit an answer from the students.

c: to compare two different things figuratively to engage his students.

d: to describe an imaginative situation.

解析 :

该题是询问为何使用某种修辞手法.

从谈话节选段落中我们很容易看出, 教授使用的是暗喻的方法.

该段落大概的意思是: 在上个世纪的大部分时间里, 美国式民主和自由的信仰如石沉大海,波澜不惊: 而今, 却如清风拂絮, 撒落人间.

暗喻的方式是为了形成对比, 从而激起听者的想象力, 活跃课堂谈话的气氛.

综上所述正确答案为c.

( 二 )

narrator: listen again to part of the discussion. then answer the question.

professor: although that’s a theoretical danger---none of our monkeys showed any untoward side effects---that could occur.

why does the professor say so?

a: to point out the advantage.

b: to repeat a point

c: to define an important point.

d: to exemplify a key point

解析 :

在看到题目的时候,注意不要脱离修辞谈具体,想想原材料中的具体的情形.

另外有的干扰选项会脱离原文,即前面所说的不结合上下文和气氛进行臆断。所以要多多注意.

还有的选项是利用其他修辞手段的特征,混淆正确选项。所以在这方面也要多多注意.

该题正确选项为a

总之, 在把握i听力修辞题的时候要多多注意材料中出现的修辞方法, 例如比喻,夸张,比拟,接待,反问等. 排除干扰项, 选出正确答案.