中国传统托福翻译：

1.元宵节： lantern festival

2.刺绣：embroidery

3.重阳节：double-ninth festival

4.清明节：tomb sweeping day

5.剪纸：paper cutting

6.书法：calligraphy

7.对联：(spring festival) couplets

8.象形文字：pictograms/pictographic characters

9.人才流动：brain drain/brain flow

10.四合院：siheyuan/quadrangle

11.战国：warring states

12.风水：fengshui/geomantic omen

13.铁饭碗：iron bowl

14.函授部：the correspondence department

15.集体舞：group dance

16.黄土高原：loess plateau

17.红白喜事：weddings and funerals

18.中秋节：mid-autumn day

19.结婚证：marriage certificate

20.儒家文化：confucian culture

21.附属学校：affiliated school

22.古装片：costume drama

23.武打片：chinese swordplay movie

24.元宵：tangyuan/sweet rice dumpling (soup)

25.一国两制：one country, two systems

26.火锅：hot pot

27.四人帮：gang of four

28.《诗经》：the book of songs

29.素质教育：essential-qualities-oriented education

30.《史记》：historical records/records of the grand historian

31.大跃进：great leap forward (movement)

32.《西游记》：the journey to the west

33.除夕：chinese new year’s eve/eve of the spring festival

34.针灸：acupuncture

35.唐三彩：tri-color pottery of the tang dynasty/ the tang tri-colored pottery

36.中国特色的社会主义：chinese-charactered socialist/socialist with chinese characteristics

37.偏旁：radical

38.孟子：mencius

39.亭/阁： pavilion/ attic

40.大中型国有企业：large and medium-sized state-owned enterprises

41.火药：gunpowder

42.农历：lunar calendar

43.印/玺：seal/stamp

44.物质精神文明建设：the construction of material civilization and spiritual civilization

45.京剧：beijing opera/peking opera

46.秦腔：crying of qin people/qin opera

47.太极拳：tai chi

48.独生子女证：the certificate of one-child

49.天坛：altar of heaven in beijing

50.小吃摊：snack bar/snack stand

51.红双喜：double happiness

52.政治辅导员：political counselor/school counselor

53.春卷：spring roll(s)

54.莲藕：lotus root

55.追星族：star struck

56.故宫博物院：the palace museum

57.相声：cross-talk/comic dialogue

58.下岗：lay off/laid off

59.北京烤鸭：beijing roast duck

60.高等自学考试：self-taught examination of higher education

61.烟花爆竹：fireworks and firecracker

62.敦煌莫高窟：mogao caves

63.电视小品：tv sketch/tv skit

64.香港澳门同胞：compatriots from hong kong and macao

65.文化大革命：cultural revolution

66.长江中下游地区：the mid-low reaches of yangtze river

67.门当户对：perfect match/exact match

68.《水浒》：water margin/outlaws of the marsh

69.中外合资企业：joint ventures

70.文房四宝（笔墨纸砚）："the four treasure of the study" "brush, inkstick, paper, and inkstone"

71.兵马俑：cotta warriors/ terracotta army

abyss hole so deep as to appear bottomless

acquiesce agree, accept without protest

affable polite and friendly, easy to talk to

affliction distress, suffering

affluent wealthy, abundant

agitate move, shake, stir up

ambiguousshavingsmore then one meaning

annex take possession of

aqueous of or like water

arduous demanding great effort, strenuous

aroma quality or surrounding atmosphere considered typical

atone make repayment

avarice greed

bellicose inclined to fighting

calisthenics exercises to develop strong bodies

captor person who takes smb captive

concoct invent, prepare by mixing together

dangle hand or swing loosely

deprive take away from, prevent from using

diligent hard-working

disrobe undress

docile easily trained or controlled

doleful dismal, mourful

drought a long period of dry weather

dubious feeling doubt

dumbfound astonish

efface rub or wipe out, obliterate

elucidate to make understandable

enchant charm, delight

endeavor to make an effort, to try very hard

endorse approve, support a claim or statement

enthral take the whole attention, enslave

exploit to use for selfish advantage or profit

extensive far-reaching

extol to praise highly

flimsy lacking solidarity, strength

fraud a fault, a deception

gaudy too bright and showy

ghastly death-like, pale and ill

grumble to complain

harass worry, trouble

heretic very busy; active

impediment smth that hinders (esp in speech)

indigenous native

insatiate never satisfied

intrepid fearless

irate angry

jeopardy danger

leash control

loafer an idle, lazy person

lucrative profitable

lustrous bright; shining

malign to slander

meddle to interfere, to intrude

mend to repair

mirth being merry and happy

nausea feeling of sickness

neglect pay no attention to

nocturnal of or in the night

obese very fat

obsolete no longer useful, outdated

perch take up a high position

pervade spread through every part of

petulant unreasonably impatient or irritable

pillage plunder (esp in war)

presumptuous too bold or self-confident

quashed annuled

quenching satisfy, put an end to, put out

refurbished make clean, as if like new

rejoicing happiness, joy

reticent in the habit of saying little

reverberate be sent back, again and again

rigor sternness, strictness, severe conditions

rotundity state of being round

salvage the saving of property from loss

scattered not situated together

shatter to breaksintosmany pieces

shunned avoided, kept away from

sketchy shortly, roughly, quickly

sporadic happening from time to time

stifled suppressed, kept back

strive to make great efforts, to struggle

subsequent following

succumb yield, die

taciturn unspoken, silent

tantalize raise hopes that cannot be realized

tentative uncertain, probable

torpid dull and slow

treacherous not to be trusted, perfidious

tremor thrill

tyro a beginner

uproar noise and excitement

vanity a foolish pride

vehemence forcefulness; intensity; conviction

vigilance watchfulness

vindicate prove the truth

voluptuous arousing sensual pleasures

wan looking ill, not bright

wile a trick

wrinkle make small lines (eg forehead)

abyss hole so deep as to appear bottomless

acquiesce agree, accept without protest

affable polite and friendly, easy to talk to

affliction distress, suffering

affluent wealthy, abundant

agitate move, shake, stir up

ambiguousshavingsmore then one meaning

annex take possession of

aqueous of or like water

arduous demanding great effort, strenuous

aroma quality or surrounding atmosphere considered typical

atone make repayment

avarice greed

bellicose inclined to fighting

calisthenics exercises to develop strong bodies

captor person who takes smb captive

concoct invent, prepare by mixing together

dangle hand or swing loosely

deprive take away from, prevent from using

diligent hard-working

disrobe undress

docile easily trained or controlled

1 astronomy 天文

astronomy 天文学

astronomical 天文的

astronomical observatory 天文台

astronomer 天文学家

astrophysics 天文物理学

astrology 占星学

pseudoscience 伪科学

cosmos(universe) 宇宙

cosmology 宇宙学

infinite 无限的

cosmic 宇宙的

cosmic radiation 宇宙辐射

cosmic rays 宇宙射线

celestial 天的

celestial body (heavenly body) 天体

celestial map (sky atlas) 天体图

celestial sphere 天球

dwarf (dwarf star) 矮星

quasar 类星体,类星射电源

constellation 星座

galaxy (milky way) 新河系

cluster 星团

solar system 太阳系

solar corona 日冕

solar eclipse 日食

solar radiation 太阳辐射

planet 行星

planetoid (asteroid) 小行星

revolve 旋转,绕转

twinkle 闪烁

naked eye 肉眼

mercury 水星

venus 金星

earth 地球

mars 火星

jupiter 木星

saturn 土星

uranus 天王星

neptune 海王星

pluto 冥王星

orbit 轨道

spin 旋转

satellite 卫星

lunar 月球的

meteor 流星

meteor shower流星雨

meteoroid 流星体

meteorite 陨石

comet 彗星

space (outer space) 太空,外层空间

spacecraft (spaceship) 宇宙飞船

spaceman ( astronaut) 宇航员,航天员

space suit 宇航服,航天服

space shuttle 航天飞机

space telescope空间望远镜

astronaut 宇航员

star 恒星

stellar 恒星的

intergalactic 星系间的

interstellar 恒星间的

interplanetary 行星间的

asteroid 小行星

nebula 星云

space debris 太空垃圾

ammonia 氨

corona 日冕

chromosphere 色球

photosphere 色球层

convection zone 对流层

vacuum 真空

infrared ray 红外线

chondrite 球粒

absolute magnitude 绝对量级

radiation 辐射

emission 发射,散发

high-resolution 高清晰度

interferometer 干扰仪

glossary of campus vocabulary

academic advisor n. a person who helps students make decisions about their academic programs 导师

example: dr. jones is the academic advisorfor the engineering students.

suggestion: you should see your academic advisor before you decide.

assumption: dr. jones is your academic advisor?.

problem: i cant see my academic advisor until friday.

ace v. to receive a grade of a 得到a等成绩

example: iaced that exam.

suggestion: find someone who aced the course to help you.

assumption: kathy aced her computer science class?

problem: if i dont ace the final, ill get a b in the class.

admissions office n. the administrative office where students apply for admission to a college or university 招生办公室

example: i have an appointment at the admissions office to review my application.

suggestion: why dont you go over to the admissions office?

assumption: you mean you couldnt find the admissions office?

problem: i need to get to the admissions office before five oclock.

all-nlghter n. a study session that lasts el! night 通宵自习

example: we had to pull an all-nighterto get ready for the final exam.

suggestion: if i were you, i wouldnt pull another all-nighter.

assumption: so you did pull another all-nighter.

problem: i have to pull an all-nighter in order to be ready for the final exam.

article n. a publication about an academic subject 论文

example: we read six articles in addition to the reading in the textbook.

suggestion: you had better read the articles that were assigned.

assumption: you read the articles already?

problem: i need to read the articles again.

assignment n. work that must be done as part of the requirements for a class 作业

example: the assignment was to road two chapters in the textbook.

suggestion: you had better read the assignment before class.

assumption: so you did read the assignment after all.

problem: i cant finish the assignment before class.

assistant professor n. a college or university teacher who ranks above a lecturer and below an associate professor 助理教授

example: dr. green is an assistant professor.

suggestion: why dont you find out whether he is a lecturer or an assistant professor?

assumption: you mean dr. green isnt an assistant professor?

problem: i need to find out whether dr. green is an assistant professor,

assistantship n. an opportunity for a graduate student to teach or do research in exchange for a stipend 研究生助教奖学金

example: terry got an assistantship from state university.

suggestion: if i were you, i would apply for an assistantship.

assumption: so you did get an assistantship from state university.

problem: the assistantship doesnt pay as much as i thought it would.

associate professor n. a college or university teacher who ranks above an assistant professor and below a professor 副教授

example: dr. peterson js an associate professor now, but she will be promoted to a full professor at the end of the year.

suggestion: you could ask the secretary if dr. peterson is an associate professor.

assumption: dr. peterson isnt an associate professor, is she?

problem: if dr. peterson is an associate professor, i used the wrong title in my letter to her.

audit v. to attend a course without credit 旁听

example: it usually costs as much to audit a course as to take it for credit.

suggestion: you could audit the course if you dont need the credit.

assumption: you mean you are auditing the course?

problem: if i audit the course, i wont get credit for it.

bear n. a difficult class 难以对付的课程

example: that computer science course was a bear.

suggestion: i heard that dr. youngs class is a real bear, so i would advise against it this semester.

assumption: your roommate thought this class was a bear?

problem: two of the classes i am in are real bears.

be behind v. to be late; to have a lot of work to do 迟到；课业负担重

example: i am behind in my physics class.

suggestion: you are behind in your psychology class so you should study.

assumption: bill is behind?

problem: i cant go to the party because i am behind in my classes.

1、早上好！

good morning.

2、闹钟响了吗？

did the alarm clock go off?（got off）是闹钟响的意思

did the alarm clock buzz?

did the alarm clock ring?

3、该起床了

it’s time to get up

it’s time to wake up

it’s time to get out of bed

it’s time to get ready

4、快点起床！

get up soon

5、你醒了吗?

are you awake

6、你不舒服吗?

are you feeling sick

7、睡得好吗？

did you sleep well

8、能帮我关掉闹钟吗？

would you turn off the alarm clock

9、你终于起来了。

you finally got up

10、今天是个好天！

it’s a nice day

it’s a beautiful day

it’s a wonderful day

it’s a great day

11、昨晚你熬夜了？

did you stay up late last night

did you got to bed late last night

12、把被子叠好。

let’s fold up the futon

昨天晚上你打呼噜了。

you were snoring last night.

13、我做了个可怕的梦

i had a nightmare.

14、你一直没关灯。

you left the light on.

15、我得洗脸了

i have to go wash my face.

16、该吃早饭了

it’s time to eat breakfast.

17、我还困着呢

i’m still sleepy.

18、我还打哈欠呢

i’m still yawning.

19、我是个夜猫子

i am a night person.

20. mind you!请注意！听着！(也可仅用mind。)

模范例句：mind you! he’s a very nice fellow though bad-tempered.

21、我是用咖啡来提神的

coffee wakes me up.

22、我得梳梳头了

i have to comb my hair.

23、穿什么好呢？

what should i wear?

24、快换衣服

hurry up and get dressed.：

25、把睡衣放好

put those pajamas away!

26、我走了,妈妈

i’m leaving. mom!

27、今天我们逃学吧

let’s play hooky today!

28、你毛衣穿反了

you’re wearing your sweater inside out.

29、上下颠倒了来源：考试大

it’s upside down

30、别忘了扔垃圾

don’t forget to take out the garbage.

31、今天该你扔垃圾了

it’s your turn to take out the garbage.

32、今天你干什么

what are you doing taday?

33、你快点,我们该迟到了

if you don’t hurry, we’ll be late

34、快点,上学该迟到了

hurry or you’ll be late for school.

35、你锁门了吗

did you lock the door?

36、没忘了什么东西吧

aren’t you forgetting something?

37、都已经8点了

it’s already 8:00

38、我晚了

i am late!

39、我得赶紧走

i have to rush

40、你今天会回来得晚吗

are you gonna be late tonight?

41、几点回来

what time are you coming home?

42、饭盒带了吗

have you got your lunch box?

43、今天好像要下雨

it might rain today

44、出门的时候,可别忘了锁门

don’t forget to lock the door when you leave

45、我回来了

i am home

i am back

46、你回来了

welcome home

welcome back

47、今天过得愉快吗？

did you have a good time today

48、今天怎么样？

how did it go today

how was your day

49、我可以出去玩会吗？

can i go out to play

50、我饿了

i am hungrye

education 教育

educational 教育的

students union 学生会

students council = government = association 学生会

quit school 休学

drop out of school 退学

transfer to another school 转学

educational board 教育董事会

admissions office 招生办公室

scholarship 奖学金

assistantship 助研金

fellowship 研究奖学金

graduation commencement 毕业典礼

diploma 毕业文凭

admission 录取

freshman （大学）一年级学生

sophomore （大学）二年级学生

junior （大学）三年级学生

senior （大学）四年级学生

a graduate, graduation 毕业生,毕业

tuition, fee 费用

subject 主题,专业

academic 学术的

excellent 出色的

average 平均的,一般的

below average 低于平均水平的,差的,

advanced 先进的,高级的

remedial 补习的

9）电器类

electronic appliance(instrument; equipment) 电器

heater, furnace 加热器,炉子

heating unit 暖气片

air conditioner 空调设备

stove 炉子

microwave oven 微波炉

washer / dryer 洗衣机/烘干机 （laundry 洗衣店）

utensil 器皿；用具

kitchen utensil 炊具

oven 烤箱；烤炉

range 煤气灶

dishwasher 洗碟机

washing machine 洗衣机

(hot-water) heater 热水器

coffeepot 咖啡壶

refrigerator (freezer) 冰箱

vacuum cleaner 吸尘器

tape player 录音机

cd player cd机

laundromat 自动洗衣店

maintenance 维修,保养

10）家具类

furniture 家具

bookshelf 书架

bookcase 书柜

couch 沙发

chest 柜子；橱；箱子

dresser (bureau) 梳妆台

cabinet (电视机等)机箱；储藏柜；陈列柜

cupboard (closet) 碗橱

storage wall 壁橱

rug 小地毯

carpet 地毯

curtain 窗帘

bathtub 浴缸

fixture （房屋）固定装置

furnishings 室内陈设

ascribe vt. 把…。归于

aspect n. （问题等的）方面；（事物等的）一部分

aspersion n. 诽谤,中伤

aspire vi. 渴望

aspiring adj. 有抱负的,有理想的,积极向上的

aspiration n. 雄心,抱负

assail v. （身体上）攻击,（言语上）攻击,批评

assassin n. 刺客

assassinate vt. 暗杀,行刺

assault n. （武力上的）袭击；（口头上的）攻击

assay v. 化验

assemble vt. 集合,装配； vi. 聚集

assembly n. 集会；参加集会的人们（译成：。。。大会,。。。议会）；装配,安装

assembly line 装配线,流水线

assert vt. 声称,坚持,斩钉截铁地说

assess vt. 估计,分析,评估

asset n. assests 财产,资产；优势,重要的品质；宝贵（或有益）的人（或东西）

assignment n. 任务,作业；分配

assimilate vt. 学习,吸收（知识）；吃,吸收（食品或营养）

assist vt. 援助,帮助

aria n. 独唱曲,咏唱调

arid adj. 干旱的

aristocrat n. 贵族

arithmetic n. 算术

armament n. 军备,武器

armor n. 装甲；装甲车

aroma n. 香气,芬芳,芳香

aromatic adj. 芬芳的

arouse vt. 刺激,激起；唤醒

array n. 展示,陈列；一系列 an array of 一系列

arrogant adj. 傲慢的,自大的

arsenal n. 兵工厂,军械库

arthritis n. 关节炎

article n. 论文,文章；物品,条款

articulate vt. 清楚的讲话,清晰的发音

artificial adj. 人造的,人工的；虚假的,矫揉造作的

artisan n. 手工业工人,手艺人

ascend vi. （渐渐的）升高,上升

ascent n. 攀登,上升

ascetic n. 苦行者,禁欲者；adj. 禁欲的,苦行的

apprehension n. 担心,害怕；理解

apprehensive adj. 恐惧的,忧虑的,担心的

approach n. 方法； vt. 接近,靠近；探讨

appropriate adj. 适当的,恰当的；vt. 拨款

approve vt. 批准；vi. 赞成,同意

approval n. 赞成,正式批准

approximate v. 接近,近似；adj. 大约的,估计的

apt adj. （习性）易于。。。的,有。。。倾向的,善于的；恰当的,贴切的

aptitude n. 才能；自然倾向

aquatic adj. 水生的,水栖的,水中或水上的

aquarium n. 水族馆

arable adj. 适于耕作的,可耕的

arbitrary adj. 专横的,专制的,武断的

arbitrator n. 仲裁者

arbitration n. 调停,仲裁

arboreal adj. 树栖的；树的；乔木的

archaic adj. 古代的,古老的,陈旧的,过时的

archetype adj. 原型,典型