很多人对托福口语考试速记能力很关注,因为在新托福口语考试中,并不是一味的考察口语表达能力,是要先读、听然后再说,所以对于速记的要求很高。那么究竟在平时训练的时候,如何提高托福口语速记能力呢?

在新托福考试中,托福口语部分允许考生在听、读的同时做笔记,这对考生在紧张的状态下产生的听时明白听后忘;读时明白读完忘的现象确实是一个有益的帮助,因此培养一种高效的速记能力在新托福考试中不仅显得至关重要,而且是势在必行。

建议考生平时除了刻苦训练托福口语考试基本功外,还应注意以下几个方面：

1.清楚地了解衡量口语水平的标准。

2.熟练地掌握英语发音要领。

3.正确使用语调、停顿及强弱读。

4.习惯美国英语发音。

5.积累大量的词汇、短语、谚语及日常生活用语。

6.谙熟语言背后的文化。

以上即为如何在托福口语备考中,培养自己的口语速记能力的介绍,希望大家能够有所了解,并且在新托福口语考试中取得好成绩。

出现位置 :

听力中的修辞题通常出现在课堂演讲(lectures)部分,在2个长对话,4个课堂演讲中,一般占5至6题。

出题形式

修辞题通常都是以特殊疑问词开头的特殊疑问句, 例如:

why does the professor say this? ( 询问使用了何种修辞手段 )

a: to encourage the students to think about the issue under a bigger context.

b: to elicit an answer from the students.

c: to compare two different things figuratively to engage his students.

d: to describe an imaginative situation.

how dies the professor illustrate his point about ___? ( 询问谈话人是如何创造了某种修辞手段的 )

a: by comparing x to y

b: by giving an example of x

why does the professor say so? ( 节选了演讲中某一带有修辞用法的部分,让考生回答为什么谈话人用此修辞 )

a: to point out a flaw

b: to repeat a point

c: to define an important term

d: to exemplify a key point

解题技巧 :

1. 听原文时即可适时判断谈话人的真实意图,谈话人某句讲话修辞手法运用明显之时,往往就是考点出现之处。

2. 熟悉常用修辞手段,如比喻(又分明喻,暗喻等), 夸张,比拟,例证,借代,反问, 反复,设问等等。

3. 注意根据上线问和谈话气氛来综合回答问题,不要脱离主题凭空猜测谈话人的修辞意图。例如:

( 一 )

professor: through much of the last century, america’s faith in freedom and democracy was a rock in a raging sea. now it is a seed upon the wind, taking root in many nations.

narrator:

listen again to a part of the lecture. then answer the question.

professor: …now it is a seed upon the wind, taking root in many nations.

why does the professor say this?

a: to encourage the students to think about the issue under a bigger context.

b: to elicit an answer from the students.

c: to compare two different things figuratively to engage his students.

d: to describe an imaginative situation.

解析 :

该题是询问为何使用某种修辞手法.

从谈话节选段落中我们很容易看出, 教授使用的是暗喻的方法.

该段落大概的意思是: 在上个世纪的大部分时间里, 美国式民主和自由的信仰如石沉大海,波澜不惊: 而今, 却如清风拂絮, 撒落人间.

暗喻的方式是为了形成对比, 从而激起听者的想象力, 活跃课堂谈话的气氛.

综上所述正确答案为c.

( 二 )

narrator: listen again to part of the discussion. then answer the question.

professor: although that’s a theoretical danger---none of our monkeys showed any untoward side effects---that could occur.

why does the professor say so?

a: to point out the advantage.

b: to repeat a point

c: to define an important point.

d: to exemplify a key point

解析 :

在看到题目的时候,注意不要脱离修辞谈具体,想想原材料中的具体的情形.

另外有的干扰选项会脱离原文,即前面所说的不结合上下文和气氛进行臆断。所以要多多注意.

还有的选项是利用其他修辞手段的特征,混淆正确选项。所以在这方面也要多多注意.

该题正确选项为a

总之, 在把握i听力修辞题的时候要多多注意材料中出现的修辞方法, 例如比喻,夸张,比拟,接待,反问等. 排除干扰项, 选出正确答案.

出题形式 :

暗示题的问句常常是以特殊疑问词开头的特殊疑问句, 例如: what, why…在回答此类问题的时候要特别注意:

what does the professor imply?

a: it’s a good book to read when you get up in the morning.

b: it’s one of his favorite books.

c: it’s a book that everyone should read.

d: the book is likely to arouse your interests in the issues related to coffee.

what does the professor mean when he says this?

a: napoleon asked for coffee when he was deposed.

b: napoleon was served a cup of coffee before his death.

c: napoleon loved coffee even to the last minute of his life.

d: napoleon was removed from the emperor’s seat because he drank too much coffee.

what does the professor imply?

a: it’s a good book to read when you get up in the morning.

b: it’s one of his favorite books.

c: it’s a book that everyone should read.

d: the book is likely to arouse your interests in the issues related to coffee.

what does the man probably mean?

what does the man suggest/imply? 75tgb

what does the woman want to know?

what does the woman suggest the man to do?

why does ___ say ___?

what does the man mean by___?

解题技巧 :

1. 在做ibt听力中的暗示题的时候, 立足原文及谈话人的观点和态度,不能加入自己的主管判断和臆想

2. 把握意思转折或话题转换后的部分.

3. 还有就是要关注谈话人的语言色彩,如语气,语调和用词特点。比如：professor: you’re probably right about xxx, but do you know how much this may cost? 话的前半部分教授对某一事情虽然表示出一定的妥协,但随后他话锋一转,指出：难道你们没有考虑过(干某事)的费用问题吗?言外之意：你们的边界我不支持!因为我老人家考虑问题比你们小年轻更全面一点, 你们没考虑钱的问题嘛。例如:

( 一 )

narrator: listen again to part of the discussion. then answer the question.

professor: lengthy digressions on the role of coffee in the empire and exile of napoleon---one of the deposed emperor’s last requests was for coffee…

what does the professor mean when he says this?

a: napoleon asked for coffee when he was deposed.

b: napoleon was served a cup of coffee before his death.

c: napoleon loved coffee even to the last minute of his life.

d: napoleon was removed from the emperor’s seat because he drank too much coffee.

解析 :

该段材料的大致意思是拿破仑临终前的最后请求竟然事要一杯咖啡, 教授的潜台词即是: 生命不息, 咖啡不止, 这位伟人当然是 咖啡党的忠实成员.

答案c 为正确选项.

答案a: 弄错了要咖啡的时间, 坚决排除.答案b: 拿破仑确实是喝了咖啡(也有可能要了没喝着), 但教授的暗示意思呢?挖掘 言外之意才是正理儿, 予以排除.

答案d: 拿破仑是因为咖啡喝太多才退位的吗?教授的话被完全曲解, 坚决排除.

该题正确选项应为c.

基本介绍 :

ibt听力主旨题考查把握谈话或演讲的主要内容的能力。主旨,是一个谈话或演讲的主要内容的综合概括。换一句话说,一段谈话或演讲的主旨是谈话人认为最为核心的内容。

ibt 听力主旨题特点 :

在一段长演讲中,通常会有两个或以上的主要表述内容,但这些内容往往是相互关联的,它们互相补充构成一个完整的主题。

出题模式 :

ibt听力主旨题的问题常常以特殊疑问词开头, 例如:

what does announcement mainly about?

a: a parking garage closure in holidays.

b: problems in the school’s garage.

c: student activities on holidays.

d: holiday emergency measures.

what is the subject of the conversation?

what aspect of ___does the professor mainly discuss?

what problem does the man have?

what are the man and the woman discussing?

what is the topic of the discussion?

what is the woman’s problem?

what is the lecture mainly about?

解题技巧 :

在做ibt主旨题的时候一定要尽量把握文章的整体思路, 可以从以下几个方面来进行:

1、记住谈话人语气加重所强调的人,事物或概念。

2、努力把握谈话或演讲中的关键词或短语。尤其要关注谈话人不止一次提到的词或短语。

3、从宏观上把握谈话或演讲的内容,提炼出讲话的主题。例如:

(一)

narrator: listen to a campus announcement and answer the question.

m: the east campus garage will be closed during the holiday break from thursday, december 22, 2005, 10:30 p.m. through monday, january 2, 2005, 11:30 p.m. please be certain to make the necessary arrangements to have your vehicle out of the garage before it closes. if you have left your vehicle in the garage after closing, please contact university police at 8---2323, so you may exit the garage. there will be no admittance into the garage after closing. the parking office will be closed through january 2nd. urgent messages left in voice mail or sent to the parking email account will be periodically monitored and responded to on december 27---29. all non---urgent matters will be addressed when the office re-opens on january 3, 2006. the parking gates on campus are lifted during this period and parking is available in all surface parking gates on camps are lifted during this period and parking is available in all surface parking lots except wean and warner hall. thank you for your cooperation and have a safe and happy holiday!

what does announcement mainly about?

a: a parking garage closure in holidays.

b: problems in the school’s garage.

c: student activities on holidays.

d: holiday emergency measures.

解析 :

1. 先总体把握材料提供的内容, 讲的是这样的一件事: the east campus garage will be closed during the holiday break from thursday, december 22, 2005, 10:30 p.m. through monday, january 2, 2005, 11:30 p.m.

2. 通过对材料的分析, 可以了解到a为正确的答案.

3. b: problems in the school’s garage. 答案过于精确.

4. c: student activities on holidays. 过于笼统, 不正确.

5. d: holiday emergency measures. 过于笼统, 不正确.

所以正确答案为a.

( 二 )

professor: through much of the last century, america’s faith in freedom and democracy was a rock in a raging sea. now it is a seed upon the wind, taking root in many nations.

narrator: listen again to part of the lecture. then answer the question.

professor: … now it is a seed upon the wind, taking root in many nations.

what is the professor mainly about?

a: to encourage the students to think about the issue under a bigger context.

b: to elicit an answer from the students.

c: to compare two different things figuratively to engage his students.

d: to describe an imaginative situation.

分析 :

1、从教授的谈话中, 可以看出教授使用的是暗喻的方法.

2、段落大致的意思是: 在上个世纪的大部分时间里, 美国式民主和自由的信仰如石沉大海, 波澜不惊; 而今, 却如清风拂絮, 撒落人间. 可见. 暗喻的方式是为了形成对比, 从而激起听者的想象力, 活跃课堂谈话的气氛.

3、综合上下文, 答案c 为正确答案.

总之, 在做ibt听力主旨题的时候, 要把握住重点. 排除过于笼统的答案, 所表示的内容与谈话或演讲的核心主题脱节; 和过于精确的答案, 即据之一而非讲述主体。还要切记排除一些似是而非的答案和在上下文中并未被谈话人提及的答案. 把握住这些要领, 相信攻克ibt听力主旨题不再是一件难事.

基本介绍 :

ibt听力归纳题是考查考生对听力段落中涉及事物进行分门别类和归纳总结的能力。

出现位置 :

归纳题一般只出现在演讲(lectures)部分;而且,不同于其他题型的是,每道归纳题所占分值有可能超过1分。也有可能得到部分得分(partial credit)。比如,在4个选项中,勾对了3个,可得1分,勾对2个或以下得零分。归纳题往往采用表格的形式,让考生将正确选项拖到相应位置,或对正确的归类进行勾选。

出题形式 :

归纳题的问题有时候是以特殊疑问词开头的特殊疑问句, 有时候是一个陈述句, 例如:

which____ is associated with each____?

based on the information in the talk, indicate whether each phrase below describes ______or _____.

match ___ with the correct description.

according to the professor, classify the following ____.

解题技巧 :

在做ibt听力归纳题的时候, 要把握演讲中地专有名词,定义或短语。 同时要把握演讲中同级,评级或相似概念,以及演讲人所列举的事例。在听力段落播放过程中对谈话出现的事物和现象可在笔记中适当进行及时归纳。

马上咨询哈鲁教育专家，了解更多留学资讯。

1. 是土壤部分,一种美国人的文化,在听力中多见。如,比赛一输要放弃了,第二人劝;课程太难坚持不住要quit了,第二人劝;小说人物复杂不想读了,第二人劝;减肥坚持不住,第二人劝等等。

2.弘扬bright sides,听力中的美国学生永远是学习,有任何事情与之冲突都要放弃其它而学习;这么多年考试中,偶有一次例外,当然发生在男生身上,一女生邀他玩,他来了一句：the book can wait丢人的话来。除此之外,别无例外。比如：在第一人话中出现娱乐项目,而第二人话中出现学习类项目,可想而知下文是什么了。

3.又是一个美国文化,区别与我们的文化对待。thinking in american way

4.见人有衣无衣都great;有头发无头发都great;体形好不好都great,所以理解后用于生活中,有美国人说：your english is good.千万别自喜,因为他们的文化就是这个。

5.first thing first,用于抓态度,绕难点解题。应用于我们的写作中,先给point再develop。

6.①学生生活中,困难是常有的,而互相帮助又是听力中传播的温情,别管事实怎样,解题用它。但车和钱很少外借,他可以载你去,但不会借你车。

②听力中的建议一定是考点,把所有的建议句式(干)背过,听觉上,一听见有建议,必抓之解题。而建议他人的四类是：时间、地点、人物、动作,在建议题型中会总结。

7. ①强调学生的high taste：吃饭去意/法餐馆;用香水;用天然的化装品;听音乐会;拒绝电视、电影。

②提到音乐会一定去看;音乐会票一定难买;音乐会一定人山人海(过道都是人);音乐会的赞美无与伦比(out of this world)。

8.是解听力题一个永久的暗线。没钱等sale;买到sale极高兴;家具用二手;打工来挣钱;物价一涨就抱怨;租房屋子简布置;一定是小破房等等。

9.出题基调,展示留学生生活的美好。

10.一种常考的思维,常见的美国人讲话方式

eight - number between 7 and 9, 8

ate - past tense of eat, 吃的过去式

bear - a big, hairy animal

bear - to be able to withstand something

bare - exposed

bred - past tense of breed 繁殖的过去式

bread - a type of food 面包

be - is 主动词 be

bee - an insect 蜜蜂

caught - past tense of catch 抓的过去式

cot - a portable bed that folds for storage 轻便小床

fan - a device for moving air 风扇

fan - short for fanatic 狂热,爱好者

groan - noise made in misery 呻吟

grown - fully mature 长大的

hart- 雄鹿

heart - energetic or enthusiastic 心脏

herd - a group of animals 牧群

heard - past tense of hear 听的过去式

i - me, myself 我

eye - body part we see with 眼睛

made - past tense of make 做的过去式

maid - a lady that cleans home or hotels for a living 女佣

no - opposite of yes 不

know - be aware of something 知道

roes - plural of roe = an argument 雌鹿的过去式

rows - plural of row = a row (line, queue) of vegetables planted in a farmers field, a row of seats in a theatre 行,排

rows - present tense of row, as in rowing a boat (propelling a boat through the water with a paddle) 划船的现在式

rose - a beautiful flower that grows on a thorny stem 玫瑰

wring - twist 绞,扭

ring - noise a bell makes 敲钟,打电话

scent - smell 气味

sent - past tense of send 邮寄的过去式

see - to view something

sea - large body of salt water

threw - past tense of throw

through - finished or completed, also, to give direction (go through the tunnel)

tail - cats and dogs have them 尾巴

tale - a story 故事

there theyre their

week - 7 days

weak - not strong

worn - well used 用旧的,疲倦的

warn - to give notice of potential danger 警告

wood - what we get from trees

would - past tense of will

wore - past tense of wear 穿的过去式

war - what we call it when two countries armies are fighting

one - a single unit

won - past tense of win

youll

yule- 圣诞季节

马上咨询哈鲁教育专家，了解更多留学资讯。

be a big fun of sth.

be much of sth.

care for sth.

be in a mood for sth.

be raving about

be wild/crazy/mad about

think much/highly of sth.

can’t get enough of sth.

couldn’t put it down

厌倦、厌烦

be bored with

be fed up with

be sick of

be tired of

have had enough (of) sth.

have had it with sth.

it’s more than i can bear.

it’s too much for me.

i can no longer put up with.

忙

忙的时段：考试前、学期初、刚工作

get conflict in one’s schedule

up to one’s neck/eyes/ears in work

in the middle of doing sth.

be overwhelmed/swamped with sth.

be all tied up

be all /completely booked

can not fit it in

have/get one’s hands full

have another appointment/commitment

as busy as a bee

hectic

couldn’t get around to doing sth.

couldn’t spare/squeeze time to do sth.

have you checked your schedule/academic calendar?

have a heavy/tight schedule/work load/course load

忘

forgetful

absent-minded

absent-minded professor

slip one’s memory

slip one’s mind

have a short/poor/bad memory

one’s memory like sieve

go in one ear and out the other

be not good with sth.

be terrible with sth.

scatter brain

完成

be done with sth.

be through with sth.

be finished with sth.

to complete sth.

to finish doing sth.

be over with sth.

be over and done with

end up

累

原因：学习、运动、打工

表达：

i’m exhausted.

i’m tired-out/over tired.

i’m dog tired.

i’m beat/dead beat.

i’m burned out.

run out of steam/energy

be out of energy/shape

i’m worn out.

be tired out

knock oneself out on sth.

eyes are starting to blur

hardly stay awake

hardly concentrate

i’m bushed.

学生学习用功

around the clock

on end = in a row

day and night = night and day

36/48 hours a day

day in and day out

put a lot of hours/time/days into…

burn the midnight oil

stay up/be up all night

can’t tear oneself away from…

couldn’t put down…

glue one’s eyes to…

第一步：maintain your composure and your confidence(保持冷静和自信)。要想彻底听懂托福听力的内容,或与老外进行无障碍交流,首先要对自己有信心,千万不要因为没听懂一两个单词而慌了手脚。这种良好的心理素质对提高听力能力相当关键。

第二步：make pictures and images(学会形象化记忆)。听力的过程中要学会把抽象的语言转变成形象的图画,并反映在脑海之中。有了动态图象的帮助,才有利于抓住语言的主要信息而非旁支末节。

第三步：model every thing(善于模仿)。不要盲目追求题海战术,不断地找新题目来练,而应该把注意力放在听过的题目上,进一步分析、研究,并认真模仿听力题目中的各种语音、语调、语气、习语、俚语等。

第四步：magnify the meaning and usage of the words and patterns(掌握多义词)。口语的最大特点是一词多义,这也是导致一些考生明明听出了是哪个词,却仍然搞不懂其在题目中确切含义的重要原因。因此,在平时练习中要注意掌握听力题目中常用词汇和句式的其他用法。

第五步：mine the cultural background and the way of english thinking behind the language(了解美国文化背景和思维方式)。语言是文化和思维的载体,努力挖掘听力题目中的美国文化背景和思维模式,就能在听力过程中变被动为主动。

第六步：memorize them(不断记忆)。托福听力题中一些语言点的重现率很高,考生需要将他们加以背诵和记忆。背的越多,就意味着熟悉度越高,同时也培养了良好的英语语感。

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